In this lecture, it iswas mentioned that in a country like Singapore, the patron-client relationship does not occur in economic exchange. However, I have learnt from Economics that there are two kinds of shops, large-scale (NTUC, Carrefour) and small-scale shops (shops(mama shops under HDB flats). From my point of view, thethese small-scale shops may use more of a patron-client relationship,relationship,and in fact this personal touch is could be one of the selling pointpoints that they have.

GoodAn good example to consider (the supermarket vs. mini-market mentioned above).

As a point of clarification, "bureaucratic rational" and "patron-client" type organization of social and economic exchange can both be found in Singapore; but the former is more culturally legitimated (at least that is the perception of the lecturer; it is a subject that could be further discussed and investigated).